Studies on the fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom.) Samson adn Arthrobotyrs cladodes Dreschs. for the control of nematodes, Globodera rostichiensis Wo by Luciana Maranan Villanueva

Thesis (Ph.D. - - Plant Pathology) University of the Philippines, College, Laguna.

Includes bibliographical references.

VILLANUEVA, LUCXANA MARAHAN, University of the Philippines, April 1°33. Studies on the Fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thon.) Saason and Arthrobotrys cladodes Dreschs. for the Control of Nematodes Globodera rostochiensis Woll. and iieloidogyne incognita Chitwood. Major Professor: Dr, Romulo G. Davide

A total of 14 isolates of fungi were obtained from li. incognita egg masses and rabbit manure from which four were identified as Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom, ) Samson based on morphological characteristics. This fungus was found in isolates obtained from the Institute of . plant seeding, Los Bafios, Waguna and Brgy. Punta, Calanba,
Laguna but not in eggnasses collected from La Trinidad, Benguet.

All isolates of >, lilacinus were capable of para- Sitizing M. incognita eggs, larvae and adults and reducing the egg hatching of root-knot nematodes & preliminary test on the use of ©. Lilacinus isolates on the control of lie incognita on tomato in the Greenhouse showed that the Pnilippine and Peruvian isolates gave 72-85% and 90,58-51% control, respectively.

Oatmeal agar was the best medium for sporulation and growth of FP, lilacinus. ‘The optimum temperature for all the isolates was 20-30°C, however, the best sporulation occurred at 30° C. In general, continuous darkness favoured sporulation of ~, lilacinus.

The fungus also grows abundantly in sterilized mashed potato, chopped water lily plants, fresh and dried ipil ipil leaves and corn crits, I% also grows moderately well on rice hull and coix dust.

Laboratory tests showed that Nemacur 10G and Furadan 33 had no significant effect on the growth and Sporulation of the fungal isolates except isolate 4. Agri Difolatan, Delsene [ix and Srassicol fungicides had inhibitory effects on the growth of the different 2. lilacinus isolates at 1096, 500 and 1900 ppm. The other fungicides tested like f.gxi Captan, Curzate-il, Daconil, Dithane M-45, Arxiv Zincofax, Galben and Ridomil gave Significant reduction in dry weight and sporulation only at 50C and 10000 ppm. Herbicides, Afalon and Sencor had also significant inhibitory effect on the growth and sporulation of the fungal isolates at higher concentration -levels (500 and 1000 opm ) Dipping potato tubers in fungal suspension fox 10 minutes significantly reduced nematode infection in potato plants. ‘Jo significant difference was observed between the different storage periods (0-4 weeks). In general, spores were the better source of Pp. lilacinus inoculum than mycelia.

In the greenhouse test, only waterlily, coix cust and mashed potato substrates showed an increase of tuber weight. With or without the fungus, all the substrates tested caused significant reduction in cyst nematode population population both in the roots and soil,

Under field conditions, all ?. lilacinus isolates, A. cladodes and chicken manure increased the yield of potato compared with the control. However, nematicide Hemacur 10G at 10 ko a.i./na. gave significantly better control than P. jilacinus.

Submitted to the University Library 10/26/1993 T-1545