Urban transportation and air pollution /
Akula Venkatram, Nico Schulte.
- Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Cambridge, MA : Elsevier, [2018], c2018.
- x, 177 pages : illustrations ; 23 cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Preface 1. Introduction; Scope of the Book; Models Treated in this Book; Modeling Emissions for Transport Applications; Organization of this Book; References; 2. Fundamental Concepts; Expressing Concentrations; The Composition of Air; Hydrostatic Equilibrium; The Potential Temperature; Atmospheric Stability; The Origin of Large-Scale Winds; The Geostrophic Wind; High- and Low-Pressure Centers; Effects of Friction; Fronts. 3. Fundamentals of Micrometeorology and Dispersion -- Introduction; Surface Energy Balance-Atmospheric Boundary Layer; Turbulence in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer; Friction Velocity; Monin-Obukhov Length; The Daytime Boundary Layer; The Nighttime Boundary Layer; The Point Source in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer; Dispersion in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer; Concluding Remarks; References; Further Reading; 4. The Impact of Highways on Urban Air Quality; Introduction; Line Source Dispersion Model; Modeling a Highway; Models for the Impacts of Barriers; Summary; References, Further Reading. 5. The Impact of Buildings on Urban Air Quality; Introduction; Primary Effects of Buildings on Dispersion of Traffic Emissions; Models for the Effects of Buildings; Comparison of Model with Observations; Summary, References; Further Reading; 6. Modeling Dispersion at City Scale; Introduction; References; Appendix A: Dispersion From an Elevated Point Source -- Index.
Urban Transportation and Air Pollution synthesizes state-of-the-art methods on estimating near-road concentrations of roadway emissions. The book provides the information needed to make estimates using methods based on a minimal set of model inputs that can be applied by a wide range of users in many situations. Discussions include methods to estimate traffic emission under numerous urban driving conditions, the uncertainty of emission models, and the effects of road configurations, such as near-road solid barriers. Final sections present dispersion models that link traffic emissions with near road concentrations in urban environments.
Addressing transportation-related environmental issues is extremely important as urban areas are constantly searching for ways to mitigate impacts from transportation sources. This book helps to explain dispersion models, a critical tool for estimating the impact of roadway emissions in cities.
9780128115060
2020300115
Air pollution Urban transportation--Environmental aspects