Larvicidal activity of black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.), long pepper (Piper retrofractum extracts against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: culicidae larvae / John Val Yllor S. De Gala.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextLanguage: English Publication details: Indang, Cavite : Cavite State University- Main Campus, 2018.Description: xiv , 82 pages : illustrations ; 28 cmContent type:
  • text
Media type:
  • unmediated
Carrier type:
  • volume
Subject(s): DDC classification:
  • 595  D34 2018
Online resources: Production credits:
  • College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Department of Biological Sciences.
Abstract: DE GALA, JOHN VAL YLLOR S. Larvicidal Activity of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.), Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.), Betel Pepper (Piper belle Linn.) Leaf Extracts Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae. Undergraduate Thesis. Bachelor of Science in Biology. Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite. May 2018. Adviser. Jonathan R. Digma, MSc. This study was conducted to determine the phytochemicals present in black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.), long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.), and betel pepper (Piper belle Linn.) leaves qualitatively; determine the larvicidal activity of three Piper species aqueous leaf extracts against Ae. aegypti using different concentration, and exposure time; determine if there is significant difference among the different plant extract and concentration in terms of larval mortality at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours, of post exposure; determine the median lethal concentration of the extracts that causes 50% of mortality after 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours; and evaluate the morphological structures of the dead larvae at the termination of the experiment. Aqueous leaf extracts of three Piper species were prepared by washing the fresh leaves, cutting them into smaller pieces and osterized seven hundred grams of each plant in 700 mL of distilled water by using a mechanical blender. The resulting solutions from the filtered extracts were used for qualitative phytochemical screening for the preparation of various concentrations for the larvicidal bioassay. The phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of P. nigrum, P. retrofractum and P. belle yielded concrete results. Flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, phenols and other hand, the aqueous extracts of P. nigrum and P. belle showed positive result for alkaloids while steroids were detected only in P. retrofractum and P. belle. The late third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti were used. To calculate the mean percentage mortality, six treatments in triplicates were utilized and experimentation was done thrice. Statistical analysis showed that the mean larval mortality after 24 hours between concentrations, control groups and plant used exhibited significant differences ()5_0.01). The highest percentage mortality of 100% after 72 hours of post exposure to 100% concentration was seen in P. nigrum, P. retrofractum, and P. belle, respectively. The median lethal concentration LC50 of P. nigrum with the least value (LC50 = 11.44 %, 8.43 % and 4.52 %) after 72 hours of exposure was observed to be more potent than the median lethal concentration of. retrofractum and P. belle. Morphological changes or aberrations were examined. Pigmentation on the mid-larval segments, shrinkage and folding of the internal structure of anal papillae which were observed in the treated groups may have been associated with the effect of the plant extracts that leads to larval mortality.
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Theses / Manuscripts Theses / Manuscripts Ladislao N. Diwa Memorial Library Theses Section Non-fiction 595 D34 2018 (Browse shelf(Opens below)) Room use only T-7727 00076582

Thesis (Bachelor of Science in Biology) Cavite State University.

Includes bibliographical references.

College of Arts and Sciences (CAS), Department of Biological Sciences.

DE GALA, JOHN VAL YLLOR S. Larvicidal Activity of Black Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.), Long Pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.), Betel Pepper (Piper belle Linn.) Leaf Extracts Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Larvae. Undergraduate Thesis. Bachelor of Science in Biology. Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite. May 2018. Adviser. Jonathan R. Digma, MSc.
This study was conducted to determine the phytochemicals present in black pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.), long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl.), and betel pepper (Piper belle Linn.) leaves qualitatively; determine the larvicidal activity of three Piper species aqueous leaf extracts against Ae. aegypti using different concentration, and exposure time; determine if there is significant difference among the different plant extract and concentration in terms of larval mortality at 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours, of post exposure; determine the median lethal concentration of the extracts that causes 50% of mortality after 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours; and evaluate the morphological structures of the dead larvae at the termination of the experiment.
Aqueous leaf extracts of three Piper species were prepared by washing the fresh leaves, cutting them into smaller pieces and osterized seven hundred grams of each plant in 700 mL of distilled water by using a mechanical blender. The resulting solutions from the filtered extracts were used for qualitative phytochemical screening for the preparation of various concentrations for the larvicidal bioassay.
The phytochemical screening of the aqueous extract of P. nigrum, P. retrofractum and P. belle yielded concrete results. Flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, phenols and other hand, the aqueous extracts of P. nigrum and P. belle showed positive result for alkaloids while steroids were detected only in P. retrofractum and P. belle.
The late third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti were used. To calculate the mean percentage mortality, six treatments in triplicates were utilized and experimentation was done thrice. Statistical analysis showed that the mean larval mortality after 24 hours between concentrations, control groups and plant used exhibited significant differences ()5_0.01). The highest percentage mortality of 100% after 72 hours of post exposure to 100% concentration was seen in P. nigrum, P. retrofractum, and P. belle, respectively. The median lethal concentration LC50 of P. nigrum with the least value (LC50 = 11.44 %, 8.43 % and 4.52 %) after 72 hours of exposure was observed to be more potent than the median lethal concentration of. retrofractum and P. belle.
Morphological changes or aberrations were examined. Pigmentation on the mid-larval segments, shrinkage and folding of the internal structure of anal papillae which were observed in the treated groups may have been associated with the effect of the plant extracts that leads to larval mortality.

Submitted to the University Library December 05, 2018 T-7727

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