Effectiveness of S.M.I.L.E theraphy among older persons with depression in selected Barangays in the City of Dasmariñas Cavite / by Leona Geann D. De Leon, Ria Rency P. Pipit and Micaela F. Sotto.

Thesis (Bachelor of Science in Nursing) Cavite State University.

Includes bibliographical references.

College of Nursing (CON), Department of Nursing

DE LEON, LEONA GEANN, PIPIT, RIA RENCY, SOTTO, MICAELA. Effectiveness of S.M.I.L.E. Therapy among Older Persons with Depression in Selected Barangays in the City of Dasmarinas Cavite. Undergraduate Thesis. Bachelor of Science in Nursing Cavite State University-Main Campus, Indang Cavite Philippines. March 2019. Adviser: Evelyn M. Del Mundo, RN, MAN, PhD.
This study was conducted to test the effectiveness of S.M.I.L.E. therapy among older persons with depression in selected barangays in the City of Dasmarinas Cavite. Specifically to: determine the levels of depression of the older persons before and after S.M.I.L.E. therapy; analyze how effective S.M.I.L.E. therapy against depression in older persons and identify the significant difference between level of depression before and after S.M.I.L.E. therapy. City of Dasmarinas Cavite was chosen by the researchers because of the increase percentage of older person. The study utilized a quasi-experimental design specifically the pre-test and post-test design. The researchers used purposive sampling technique to fifty participants based on the pre-conceived qualifications of: aged sixty and above, with depression, male or female and a resident of the selected barangays in the City of Dasmarifias Cavite from April 2018 to March 2019. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) that was validated by a psychiatrist used as the basis for determining the levels of depression of each older adult. The S.M.I.L.E. therapy is composed of Self-care, Music, Interaction, Laughter, and Exercise performed by each participants for about thirty minutes. It consist of ten minutes performing self-care activities, followed by ten minutes listening to music, reminiscing pictures and interaction with expressing happy thoughts or cracking light jokes, and another ten minutes in performing simple exercises. Modified Faces Scale by C. Lorish and R. Maisiak in 1986 was the observation scale utilized by the researchers before and after the application of the S.M.I.L.E. therapy to the older persons. Majority (32%) of the participants belonged to 60 to 65 years old, females, married, elementary graduates, unemployed and earned P 1 ,001 - 5,000 monthly. All (100%) of the participants did not have any depression recorded in their past medical history.
The level of depression of older persons before the therapy has a total mean of x = 13.12 (SD=2.3180) implies mild depression during the pre-test. While after the S.M.I.L.E. Therapy, the total mean of x = 5.61, SD — 2.2345 implies no depression during the post test. In the first session of the S.M.I.L.E. Therapy, 22 participants were observed to have an expression of Face No. 3 while at the second session it was improved to portray Face No. 1. Moreover, at the last session 42 participants were observed to have Face No. I expression. This means that based on observation older persons depression were significantly improved. In the first, second and third sessions of S.M.I.L.E. Activity Performance Rating Scale, the participants were very good, in performing S.M.I.L.E. Activities with very high effectiveness in reducing depression of the participants. Majority of the participants find the therapy very highly effective in keeping the older persons at ease after the therapy, making them happy while doing the therapy; the therapy helped in reducing the feeling of sadness. This implies that S.M.I.L.E. Therapy obtained a very high effectiveness based on the participants' initial evaluation. Then in the second session the majority of the participants find the therapy interesting, happy while doing the therapy, feel at ease and comfort after the therapy, and still wanted to continue the therapy. This implies that S.M.I.L.E. Therapy obtained a very high effectiveness based on the participants' second session evaluation. During the third session, the participants find the therapy was making them happy while doing the therapy, interesting, also still wanted to continue the therapy, the therapy helped in reducing the feeling of sadness, and the therapy a good value for the time spent. This implies that S.M.I.L.E. Therapy based on the participants' final evaluation obtained a very high effectiveness in reducing older person’s depression. The Modified Faces, first session observed that 22 out of 50 participants were observed to have an expression of Face no. 5. The second session took place it was improved that the majority of them were observed to portray Face no. 3. As the last session, 42 participants were observed to have expression of Face no. 2 and was significantly improved as compared to the previous session. The effectivity of the study was based on the S.M.I.L.E. Therapy Intervention Effectiveness Scale. Wherein, there are significant changes noted in every progression of the sessions. Moreover, the levels of the depression before and after the S.M.I.L.E. Therapy have significant differences.

Submitted to the University Library 08-08-2019 T-8420