Larvicidal potential of Imperata cylindrical, Pennisetum purpureum, and saccharum spontaneum leaves extract against Aedes aegypti / by Marie Bernadette C. Digo and Viralyn M. Escalante.

Thesis (BS Medical Technology) Cavite State University

Includes bibliographical references.

College of Nursing (CON)

DIGO, MARIE BERNADETTE C., AND ESCALANTE, VIRALYN M. Larvicidal
Potential of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum purpureum, and Saccharum spontaneum Leaves Extract Against Aedes aeypti. Undergraduate Thesis. Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology. Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite. November 2016. Adviser: Mr. Jonathan R. Digma, MSc. and Ms. Karen Krista M. Escobar RMT, MSMT.
The study was conducted from May to September 2016 at the Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite to determine the larvicidal potential of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum purpureum, and Saccharum spontaneum Leaves Extract against Aedes aeypti. Specifically, the study aimed to: 1) determine the phytochemicals present in each grass leaves extract; 2) determine the mortality rate of Aedes aegypti larvae treated with different concentrations of prepared extract at different time intervals; 3) determine which among the concentrations of the prepared extracts is effective in killing Aedes aegypti larvae; and 4) determine the significant difference between the methanol, and hexane extracts of the plants based on larval mortality against Aedes aegypti larvae. Experimental research design was used in this study.
Different crude extracts of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum purpureum, and Saccharum spontaneum leaves were prepared by washing and air-drying for 15 days until crispy. Leaves were then hand-pounded, pulverized using electric blender and were sieved to obtain a fine powder. Two hundred grams of each of the pulverized leaves were soaked in 1 liter methanol and hexane for three days. The filtrates were then subjected to rotary evaporator to remove traces of solvents. The dried extracts were dissolved using acetone and the resulting solutions were used for the qualitative phytochemical screening and for the preparation of various concentrations for the larvicidal bioassay.
The phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract and hexane extract of Imperata cylindrica, Pennisetum purpureum and Saccharum spontaneum yielded concrete results. Saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and diterpenes were qualitatively detected in Imperata cylindrica methanol extracts while steroids and proteins were present in its hexane extracts. Methanol extract of Pennisetum purpureum showed positive result in saponins, carbohydrates and steroids while hexane extracts showed positive result only in steroids. Saccharum spontaneum showed positive result in saponins, carbohydrates and diterpenes in methanol extracts while alkaloids and steroids were shown in hexane extracts.
Late 3 rd. instar larvae of Aedes aegypti were used for the larvicidal bioassay. Three treatments with three replicates were repeated thrice to calculate the mean percentage mortality after 72 hours of post exposure. The highest percentage mortality of 7.78 percent after 72 hours of post exposure to 1000 ppm concentration was seen in methanol and hexane extract of Pennisetum purpureum and Imperata cylindrica, respectively. It was followed by 6.67 percent mortality in Saccharum spontaneum hexane extract. It has also been noted that 94.44 percent mortality was recorded from the positive control and no mortality was recorded from the negative control.

Submitted copy to the University Library. 05/04/2017 T-6608