Larvicidal potentials of kakawate (Gliricidia sepium) ipil (Intsia bijuga) and caballero tree (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) leaf extracts aginst Aedes aegypti / by Czarina Faith M. Miralles, Abigail V. Ravina and Myrell Jean S. Salcedo.

Thesis (BS Medical Technology) Cavite State University

Includes bibliographical references.

College of Nursing (CON), Department of Medical Technology

CZARINA FAITH M. MIRALLES, ABIGAIL V. RAVINA AND MYRELL JEAN S.
SALCEDO, LARVICIDAL POTENTIALS OF KAKAWATE (Gliricidia septum), IPIL (Intsia
bijuga) AND CABALLERO TREE (Caesalpinia pulcherrima) LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST
Aedes aegypti. Undergraduate Thesis. Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology. Cavite
State University, Indang, Cavite. November 2016. Adviser: Mr. Jonathan R. Digma, MSc.
This study was conducted from May to October 2016 at Cavite State University, Indang,
Cavite, to assess the larvicidal potential of the Kakawate, Ipil and Caballero plants against
Aedes aegypti. Specifically, the study aimed to: 1. determine the phytochemicals present in
each leaf extracts of Kakawate (Gliricidia septum), Ipil (Intsia bijuga) and Caballero tree
(Caesalpinia pulcherrima); 2. determine the mortality rate of Ae. aegypti larvae treated with
different concentrations of prepared extract; 3. determine which among the concentrations of the
prepared extracts is effective in killing Ae. aegypti larvae; and 4. determine the significant
difference between methanol, and hexane extracts of the plants used on larval mortality against
Ae. aegypti. Experimental design was used by the researchers. The researchers gathered fresh
and matured leaves of Kakawate, Caballero and Ipil from Cavite State University, Main Campus,
and Palawan on April 2016. Leaves were washed and air-dried for 7 to 15 days, and pulverized
using a blender.
The pulverized leaves were then soaked in methanol and hexane solvents for three days,
and filtered. Each filtrate was then subjected to phytochemical screening tests. Afterwards, the
remaining filtrates of each plant per solvent were concentrated using a rotary evaporator.
Concentrated filtrates were then air dried to solidify. The solid filtrates were used in the
preparation of the different concentrations of the treatments for the larvicidal bioassay. The
phytochemical screening of the three plants yielded concrete results. The polar methanolic
extracts of the three plants showed the presence of saponins, tannins, and diterpenes. On the
other hand, the nonpolar hexane extracts of the three plants revealed the presence of alkaloids,
flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, and terpenoids. The late third instar larvae of Ae. aegypti
was used for the larvicidal bioassay. Nine treatments with three replicates were used to
calculate the mean percentage mortality.
The rate on 1000ppm concentration and 72 hours of post-exposure obtained the highest
percentage mortality rate. Furthermore, statistical analysis showed a significant differences
between Gliricidia sepium, Intsia bijuga and Caesalpinia pulcherimma leaf extract and the
positive control but these were too low, 4.44 percent and 7.22 percent mortality in methanolic
extract of Gliricidia sepium and Caesalpinia pulcherimma respectively, 8.89 percent in hexane
extract of Intsia bijuga, and 94.44 percent in the positive control. Considering the solvents used,
statistical analysis showed no significant difference between hexane and methanol extract of the
plants. This result was supported by the closed number of bioactive components extracted by
both hexane and methanol, seven and five respectively. But numerically, hexane extract of Intsia
bijuga revealed the highest mortality rate of 8.89 percent. This

Submitted to the University Library 05/11/2017 T-6630