Amino acid supplementations of high copra meal diets for growing-finishing pigs / by Yuthana Siriwathananukul.

Thesis (Ph.D.--Animal Science) University of the Philippines

Includes bibliographical references.

College of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Natural Resources (CAFENR)

SIRIWATHANANUKUL, YUTHANA, University of the Philippines at Los Banos, November, 1986. Amino Acid Supplementations of High Copra Meal Diets for Growing-Finishing Pigs.
Major Professor: Dr. Placido F. Alcantara
Two feeding experiments and one digestion trial were conducted to evaluate the effect of lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan supplementation to high copra meal diets on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of hogs and the nutrient digestibility of the rations.
In the first feeding experiment, 36 barrows averaging 18 kg were randomly distributed to six dietary treatments composed of corn-soy :let as positive control and treatment groups of 40% copra meal diet supplemented without (C) and with lysine and methionine (UM); lysine, :ethionine and threonine (CLMTh) or tryptophan (CLMT) and all four amino acids (CLMThT). The digestion trial involved 21 barrows averaging 24 kg liveweight randomly allotted to six dietary treatments of Experiment 1 plus a seventh ration composed of 40% copra meal diet containing lysine, methionine plus cystine, threonine and tryptophan content at levels 105% of those found in corn-soy diet (hi-CLMThT). During the finishing stage 30 pigs weighing 75 kg were used to study the nutrient digestibility of six finisher rations of Experiment 1. I-7.e last feeding trial involved 16 barrows weighing initially 28 kg. The pigs were randomly allotted into two dietary treatments composed a corn-soy diet and a 40% copra meal diet containing 105% lysine, Ilethionine plus cystine, threonine and tryptophan content of corn-soy Diet (hi-CLMThT). All animals of Experiment I and six pigs of Experiment 3 were slaughtered for carcass evaluation when the animals reached and 90 kg live weight, respectively. Results showed that supplementation of the four amino acids to zopra meal diet improved the average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, length of feeding days and loin eye area by 26.8, 20.2, 21.0 and 21.0 percent, respectively, over the negative control (C diet) and were significant better than the other copra meal diets supplemented with only two (CLM) or three amino acids (CLMTh and CLMT).
Performance of pigs on CLMThT diet was comparable to that of pigs fed the corn-soy diet. Additions of four amino acids to copra meal diet also improved significantly the apparent digestion coefficient of dry matter (ADCDM) and crude protein (ADCCP), the digestible and metabolizable energy content of the ration as well as the apparent biological value (BV), net protein utilization (NPU) and blood urea-N (BUN) content of the pig compared to the other copra meal diets, but had significantly poorer ADCDM, ADCCP, NPU and BUN values except apparent biological value than corn-soy diet.
Pigs on high CLMThT diet had significantly larger loin eye area and higher lean cut yield than those fed copra meal diet without amino acid supplementation, but only slightly better than when only two or three amino acids were added and were comparable to pigs on the corn-soy diet. Furthermore, pigs on CLNThT diet had significantly lower leaf fat than those on the other treatments. In general, pigs on the copra meal diets had significantly firmer fat and more saturated fatty acids content of backfat than those fed corn-soy diet. Other carcass parameters such as dressing percentage, marbling, lean firmness, color, pH of lean and acid value of backfat were similar for the different treatment groups. Pigs on hi-CLMThT diet had average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, lean cut yield, amino acids and energy intake comparable and also slightly larger loin eye area and thinner carcass backfat thickness than those fed corn-soy diet. The results showed that 40% copra meal with lysine, methionine, threonine and tryptophan supplementation could replace soybean meal up to 57% and 100% in growing and finishing diets for swine, respectively.

Submitted to the University Library 05/09/2007 T-1508