Utilization of bone ash as supplementary cementitious material for concrete / Charlene Camille G. Gana.

Thesis (Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering) Cavite State University.

Includes bibliographical references.

College of Engineering and Information Technology (CEIT), Department of Civil Engineering

GANA, CHARLENE CAMILLE G. and LEONSANDA, ALLEN GRACE D. Utilization of Bone Ash as Supplementary Cementitious Material for Concrete. Undergraduate Design Project. Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering, Cavite State University, Indang, Cavite. May 2018. Adviser: Engr. Roslyn P. Pena.

The study was conducted from November 2017 to February 2018 at the College of Engineering and Information Technology, Cavite State University, lndang, Cavite to provide an alternative material for construction specifically cement, the possibility of bone ash as supplementary cementitious material for concrete was analyzed in this study. Specifically, it aimed to determine the physical properties and composition of bone ash; to determine the most efficient proportion of bone ash as a partial substitute for cement in producing concrete and; to determine the effect of bone ash on consistency, workability and compressive strength of concrete compared to pure cement concrete.

Cow bones problem disposal has brought the need for this paper which study the utilization of bone ash as supplementary cementitious material for concrete. Cow bones was incinerated at a certain temperature, sieved through a No. 200 sieve and determined the physical properties and its chemical composition. Cement was partially replaced in concrete at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent with both bone ashes. Tests were conducted to determine the influence of bone ashes as well as the most economical proportion on the workability, consistency and compressive strength. Workability of fresh concrete was evaluated using slump cone test and properties of hardened concrete were evaluated using compression test. The result showed that the compounds present in cement such as S102,
Al203 and Fe203 are present in bone ash but in a much lower amount. The compressive strength of concrete at 0% bone ash was used as control. The compressive strength dropped with the presence of bone ash at different curing ages, except on the 5% and 10% replacement at its 14th curing days which exceeds the compressive strength of the controlled mixture. Despite the decrease, the value of compressive strength was found to be within the range acceptable for concrete. The compressive strength results were proven no significant difference at 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent between the control mixtures having no bone ash using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the substitution of cement with bone ashes in concrete production was relatively possible but not exceeding 10% by weight for structural works and 20 percent for rendering purposes. The cost analysis of as per cylinders and cubic meter having 5, 10, 15 and 20 percent bone ashes was found to be not economical as compared to pure cement mixtures. Yet, the cost of bone ash production may be lowered when produced in a massive means. The researchers recommended the following: According to Saad, S. A. and et. al. the temperature of incineration affects the chemical composition of a material, the recommended incineration temperature for bone ash must be 900 degrees Celsius or 1652 degrees Fahrenheit; further study of using the bone ash as an admixture to concrete; and bone ash as supplementary cementitious material may be recommended for construction application that requires a compressive strength of 18 MPa such as road curves, gutters, path ways, binder riprapping, rubble masonry, residential floor slab for one-storey building, and concrete walks.

Submitted to the University Library July 02, 2018 T-7876